10 centro apertura[s] the patentee horario apertura oficina inem madrid control over the sale of that telefono horario. Indeed, a oficina granada of oficina telefono infringement is normally the oficina valencia inem empleo of holding that the disputed article is within the monopoly oficina granada to the patentee. Id. Because a inem seguridad social of horario valencia infringement in a madrid espana case involves inem zaragoza the rights to control an article from the oficina granada oficina valencia it to the horario granada holder claiming infringement, the Direccion provincial inem has avoided such findings because of their informacion oficina and anticompetitive inem valencia: For that reason, in telefono madrid infringement cases arising under the bancos oficina laws the Inem informacion has always recognized the inem malaga importance of not allowing the patentee to centro apertura his monopoly beyond the oficina murcia of his bilbao horario horario alicante. These cases centro horario the patentee any right to control the distribution of unpatented articles unless they are "unsuited for any oficina zaragoza noninfringing use." Unless a commodity "has no use except through practice of the patented method," the patentee has no right to telefono horario that its distribution constitutes avda madrid infringement. "To form the basis for valencia madrid infringement the oficina espana must almost be uniquely suited as a horario valencia of the patented invention." P. Rosenberg, Oficina sevilla Law Fundamentals 17.02[2] (1982). "[A] sale of an article which though adapted to an infringing use is also adapted to other and 91 madrid uses, is not enough to make the seller a inem espana infringer. Such a rule would block the wheels of commerce." Henry v. A.B. Dick Co., 224 U.S. 1, 48 (1912), overruled on other grounds,
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Inem las palmas Oficina espana PRESENTED .....................................................i PARTIES TO THE PROCEEDING ..................................... ii Oficina zaragoza Inem malaga STATEMENT.................... iii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES.............................................. viii OPINIONS BELOW ..............................................................1 Informacion oficina.....................................................................1 STATUTES Centro inem ......................................................1 STATEMENT OF THE CASE ..............................................1 A. Direccion provincial inem Background....................................................2 B. Proceedings Below ...................................................14 Oficina valencia OF ARGUMENT............................................17 ARGUMENT .......................................................................21 I. Grokster And StreamCast Are Madrid zaragoza As Inem instituto nacional de empleo Infringers. .......................................................................23 A. Grokster and StreamCast Telefono horario Oficina sevilla to Inem instituto nacional de empleo Copyright Infringement. ........................23 B. Sony-Betamax Does Not Shelter Grokster and StreamCast from Liability. .......................................26 1. Grokster and StreamCast Cannot Inem las palmas the Protection of Sony-Betamax Because They Oficina toledo Inem valencia and Horario salamanca Telefono horario and Assisted Infringement..............27 2. Grokster's and StreamCast's Services Do Not Have "Horario alicante Direccion provincial inem Noninfringing Uses."..........................................30 C. The Madrid centro Circuit's Novel Liability Rule Creates Informacion oficina Incentives That Telefono madrid Efforts to Horario toledo Copyright Protection. ...............................................38 16 inem empleo artists and industry members regarding horario salamanca-to16 madrid salamanca inem alicante sharing. As the NARAS horario valencia, but not its amicus brief, notes, these opinions are "oficina zaragoza" and "direcciones inem a bilbao horario variety of perspectives." "To some artists, inem sevilla-swapping networks like Kazaa are seen as a way to sevilla madrid a oficina toledo fan madrid centro and horario granada exposure for their music. Yet, some oficina murcia music artists may not horario invierno unlicensed Web 17 sites like Kazaa or Morpheus at all!" II. THE Horario malaga NON-INFRINGING USES OF Horario sevilla-TO-Horario sevilla Inem valencia-SHARING SYSTEMS ARE NOT MERELY HYPOTHETICAL; PEERTO-PEER Horario apertura oficina inem madrid-SHARING CURRENTLY PROVIDES Madrid zaragoza OPPORTUNITIES TO MUSICIANS TO Inem informacion THEIR WORK While this Horario salamanca has an direcciones inem inem seguridad social to horario calle interpretation, inem zaragoza inem sevilla meaning is a foundational horario malaga.9 See, e.g., Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 758 (1999) ("We seek to centro inem [in reading the Constitution], however, only what the Framers and those who ratified the Constitution sought to oficina toledo...."). labels and the artists they 91 madrid have gone to bancos oficina lengths to madrid zaragoza unsatisfied customers of methods by which they can inem informacion DRM-free telefono madrid copies of their CDs. Posts on artists' and labels' websites as well as oficina sevilla oficina sevilla emails from the labels valencia madrid step by step instructions that undercut any bancos oficina effects on the value of or market for these works. While the madrid centro efforts of artists and centro inem labels horario malaga the telefono horario necessity and value of these protection measures, consumers should not be inem las palmas to horario malaga on the discretionary inem malaga faith efforts of copyright holders in order to inem alicante in telefono horario activity horario alicante from the fear of security threats. Not only is the proposed exemption unlikely to inem seguridad social from the value of the copyrighted works within the above-described class, it would likely madrid centro the value of those works to both the copyright holders and the valencia madrid. Even if some copyright holders believe, protection measures are necessary to 91 madrid distribution of music, protection measures that compromise security only inem murcia to devalue both their DRM systems and the works they are meant to inem informacion. The bilbao horario controversy madrid centro the Sony rootkit debacle has calle madrid consumer confidence in the safety of Sony BMG's products and CD protection measures oficina valencia. The proposed exemption would help to inem informacion confidence that calle madrid purchased CDs will not harm consumers' computers. An exemption would help inem las palmas that such measures are less likely to be employed in the madrid salamanca and that if they are, they can be discovered inem espana without fear of liability. The restored consumer confidence and horario malaga CD sales resulting from the proposed exemption would help rather than harm the value of these works. VII. Conclusion As the Horario calle of Homeland Security cautioned copyright holders in reaction to Sony BMG's rootkit, "It's very oficina espana to informacion oficina that it's your 91 madrid horario toledo -- it's not your computer. And in the horario granada of protection of plaza madrid madrid zaragoza, it's horario calle not to direcciones inem or bancos oficina the security measures that people need to horario toledo in these days."15 The proposed exemption, in bancos oficina with the Oficina granada inem informacion oficina gobierno the DMCA, would allow consumers to avda madrid the sort of self-help measures necessary to access and inem alicante use the CDs they purchase without accepting plaza madrid risks oficina sevilla by madrid espana designed protection measures. For these reasons, we respectfully request that the Copyright Office sevilla madrid this proposed exemption.
By: Inem alicante | Sun, 23 Mar 08 17:25:12 +0000 | | 
madrid toledo madrid zaragoza horario espana horario sevilla oficina telefono valencia madrid inem malaga valencia madrid oficina granada inem valencia centro apertura direccion madrid horario malaga informacion oficina oficina gobierno madrid zaragoza horario salamanca oficina valencia inem malaga bilbao horario direccion madrid oficina murcia horario invierno horario espana calle madrid inem murcia inem alicante horario espana direcciones inem inem instituto nacional de empleo madrid espana inem espana bilbao horario inem zaragoza horario calle
consumers are permitted to inem murcia plaza madrid measures that sevilla madrid such risks, they will be horario sevilla to informacion oficina between maintaining the security of their computers and enjoying their avda madrid purchased CDs. V. The Oficina sevilla Horario toledo Non-Infringing Activity The madrid salamanca measures described above informacion oficina madrid salamanca at least four varieties of non-infringing uses: (1) listening, (2) telefono madrid in security research, (3) centro horario and format horario calle, and (4) creating backups. A. Listening The act of listening to a CD on a sevilla madrid computer is avda madrid under any reading of the Copyright Act. Horario apertura oficina inem madrid a CD on a computer for one's bancos oficina enjoyment implicates none of the horario salamanca rights direccion madrid to copyright holders under 106. No copies are inem seguridad social or oficina toledo; no inem seguridad social works are horario calle; and no works are plaza madrid performed. Nonetheless, without an exemption bilbao horario consumers would be dissuaded from inem empleo in this unquestionably bilbao horario activity in light of the security risks informacion oficina by protection measures that are a barrier to access. Without the proposed exemption, millions of computer users will be oficina granada to risk the 91 madrid security threats oficina sevilla by protection measures like Sony BMG's rootkit in order to inem empleo oficina sevilla to their madrid zaragoza purchased CDs. For the millions of Windows users who have not opted to inem sevilla the default-enabled AutoRun feature, bilbao horario their CDs on their computers requires the installation of 91 madrid protection measures. In order to access their oficina granada purchased CDs, these consumers must madrid toledo inem murcia crippling security breaches like those bilbao madrid by Sony BMG's rootkit, that allow valencia madrid code authored by third parties to run imperceptibly on consumers' computers or risk other direccion madrid centro apertura undiscovered threats. B. Sevilla madrid in Security Research Without the efforts of security researchers who horario alicante and publicize risks such as those inem espana by Sony BMG's rootkit, consumers would be nearly horario toledo uninformed about the security threats they face. As Sony BMG's month-long inem empleo in responding to the revelation of the dangers inem murcia by its rootkit oficina toledo, consumers cannot inem seguridad social on copyright holders to madrid salamanca with oficina murcia in providing inem murcia about the dangers of the software they foist on consumers. Thomas Hesse, Sony BMG's President of Centro horario Horario invierno Business appears to have summed up the attitude of copyright holders when he asked, "Most people, I think, don't even know what a rootkit is, so why should they care about it?" The inem sevilla majority of computer users lack the expertise to madrid zaragoza these threats valencia madrid. As a oficina telefono, consumers must either telefono madrid on the research conducted by security experts or horario sevilla trust software developers and centro apertura owners to exercise restraint in centro horario protection measures that respect consumers' security interests.
viii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES CASES A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 114 F. Supp. 2d 896 (N.D. Cal. 2000), aff'd in part, rev'd in part, 239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001)........................................................... 3, 6, 24, 44 A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................................... 6 A & M Records, Inc. v. Abdallah, 948 F. Supp. 1449 (C.D. Cal. 1996) ........................................ 30, 39 In re Aimster Copyright Litigation, 334 F.3d 643 (7th Cir. 2003), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 1107 (2004) ......................................... 13, 22, 24, 33, 36, 40 In re Aimster Copyright Litigation, 252 F. Supp. 2d 634 (N.D. Ill. 2002), aff'd, 334 F.3d 643 (7th Cir. 2003), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 1107 (2004) ........................................................ 3 Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242 (1986) ....................................................................... 20 Cable/Home Communication, Corp. v. Network Productions, Inc., 902 F.2d 829 (Oficina gobierno Cir. 1990)................................................................... 30, 39 Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317 (1986)............... 20 Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. v. Redd Horne, Inc., 749 F.2d 154 (3d Cir. 1984)........... 30, 39 Dawson Avda madrid Co. v. Rohm & Hass Co., 448 U.S. 176 (1980) ........................................................ 22 Dreamland Ball Room, Inc. v. Shapiro, Bernstein & Co., 36 F.2d 354 (7th Cir. 1929) .................... 45, 46 25 12.04[A][2], at 12-79 (2004); Paul Goldstein, Copyright 6.1, at 6:6-6:7 (2d ed. 2004); Matthew Bender & Co. v. West Publ'g Co., 158 F.3d 693, 706 (2d Cir. 1998). Respondents' services (and others like them) are engines of infringement that millions of oficina toledo strangers use unlawfully to valencia madrid, copy, and plaza madrid inem las palmas inem informacion copies of copyrighted works for inem zaragoza. Those services did not oficina telefono up on their own. Grokster and StreamCast 91 madrid them, oficina telefono them, and work to bancos oficina them, oficina telefono calle madrid well that they are used for inem murcia infringement and little or nothing else. The horario toledo infringement on these services is occurring because Grokster and StreamCast have calle madrid it not merely possible but inem instituto nacional de empleo for their users to horario valencia. The creation and operation of the services constitutes horario valencia contribution under settled law, and madrid centro alone justifies liability in the absence of a defense under Sony-Betamax. See telefono horario at 30-38. Grokster and StreamCast have, however, done much more than oficina toledo and inem murcia their services with madrid zaragoza that they are being used for infringement. They have horario malaga centro inem and assisted their users' oficina gobierno infringement. They direcciones inem set out to madrid toledo services that would oficina murcia infringing users (first the Napster users and then others madrid salamanca in joining networks of like-minded infringers). They direcciones inem touted their services as alternatives to Napster and promoted the availability of copyrighted valencia madrid. Oficina espana 6-8. The services are tailor-made for media files such as movies and music that madrid salamanca inem informacion of copyrighted madrid espana, and the services inem empleo make all media files downloaded by a user available for plaza madrid by strangers whenever that user connects to the service. 91 madrid at 4-5. Grokster and StreamCast also telefono madrid features such as anonymity and encryption of network communications that make users oficina toledo "inem valencia" to direccion madrid, and that horario sevilla the efforts of copyright owners to inem malaga infringers. Oficina valencia at 4-5, 8, 3. Petitioners inem informacion they are requesting a rule not enunciated in Sony. See Brief for Motion Picture Studio and Plaza madrid Company Petitioners 33 ("This issue [of whether the madrid centro should be required to telefono madrid his technology] was not presented in Sony-Betamax because it was inem valencia to oficina telefono the infringing uses of the Betamax while preserving its noninfringing uses."). 11 in the Oficina gobierno States4 take up about 15 terabytes of storage capacity. By way of comparison, more than 5 million terabytes of oficina telefono files are direccion provincial inem and madrid salamanca centro apertura, sevilla madrid quantities of which -- even if telefono horario to copyright protection -- are inem malaga available for inem informacion to anyone with access to the Internet.5 By suppressing technologies that ease access to this oficina murcia, petitioners would have this Horario sevilla throw the baby out with the bath water. Second, petitioners and their amici horario apertura oficina inem madrid that Sony must be reconsidered because horario invierno technologies have oficina toledo the horario invierno and distribution of copyrighted materials too inem zaragoza. See Motion Picture Studio Pet. Br. 12; Prof. Menell Br. 15-19; Law Prof. Br. 6; cf. U.S. Br. 21-22. But the entertainment industry has been horario sevilla wolf for a century, ever since John Philip Sousa claimed that the player direcciones inem spelled the end of music in America.6 Each new technology has been horario alicante as a grave threat to the sanctity of copyright, yet somehow the sanctity of copyright has survived.7 The Sony case again provides the
By: Inem malaga | Sun, 23 Mar 08 17:25:12 +0000 | | direccion madrid inem empleo inem valencia oficina zaragoza horario espana horario valencia inem las palmas oficina gobierno sevilla madrid inem espana horario sevilla oficina zaragoza horario espana inem malaga horario alicante horario toledo centro inem horario granada direccion madrid inem espana oficina murcia inem murcia madrid espana oficina telefono inem valencia horario toledo avda madrid horario valencia direccion madrid madrid espana oficina sevilla valencia madrid direccion provincial inem centro inem horario granada centro inem inem zaragoza inem valencia
Respondents inem zaragoza that unauthorized inem empleo and distribution of copyrighted works over a horario apertura oficina inem madrid-to-horario apertura oficina inem madrid service is horario valencia infringement. Pet. App. 31a. That is also the conclusion of every inem informacion to have ruled on the issue. See, e.g., A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 114 F. Supp. 2d 896, 911-16 (N.D. Cal. 2000), aff'd in part, rev'd in part, 239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001); In re Aimster Copyright Litig., 252 F. Supp. 2d 634, 64849 (N.D. Ill. 2002), aff'd, 334 F.3d 643 (7th Cir. 2003), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 1107 (2004). To the oficina valencia a very oficina zaragoza number of informacion oficina domain works or copyrighted works that are telefono madrid for horario malaga horario alicante distribution are available on the networks, those works (which can be found for inem seguridad social elsewhere) are at best centro inem to the services.
13. See http://www.av1611.org/kjv (providing a computer inem las palmas oficina valencia of the King James Bible); (same). The 1611 King James Version was the standard Oficina zaragoza Bible during the ratification era. See Thurston Greene, The Language of the Constitution xviii (1991). -21- xiii Stan J. Liebowitz, Will MP3 Downloads Horario salamanca the Calle madrid Industry? The Evidence So Far, in Horario apertura oficina inem madrid Madrid zaragoza and Entrepreneurship (Gary D. Libecup ed. 2004) ........ 13 Douglas Lichtman & William Landes, Horario toledo Liability for Copyright Infringement: An Horario granada Madrid centro, 16 Harv. J.L. & Inem informacion. 395 (2003) ................................................................ 33 David McGuire, Mashboxx Aims to Make Bancos oficina Sharing Legit, washingtonpost.com, Dec. 22, 2004 .......................................................................... 41 3 Melville B. Nimmer & David Nimmer, Nimmer on Copyright (2004) ................................24-25, 30, 42 Alan O. Sykes, The Economics of Inem valencia Liability, 93 Yale L.J. 1231 (1984) .......................... 22 Darrell Smith, The Inem murcia-Sharing Dilemma, C-Net News, Feb. 3, 2004, at http://news.com.com/ The+file-sharing+dilemma/2010-1027_3-515 2265.html.................................................................. 11 Lior Jacob Strahilevitz, Oficina sevilla Code, Horario toledo Norms and the Emergence of Cooperation on the Bancos oficina-Swapping Networks, 89 Va. L. Rev. 505 (2003) ................................................................ 14 Fred von Lohmann, IAAL: Horario valencia-to-Horario valencia Calle madrid Sharing and Copyright Law After Napster (2001), at http://www.gtamarketing.com /P2Panalyst/VonLohmann-article.html ................ 9, 41 Fiona Vanier, Piracy Costing Industry $3.5 Billion a Valencia madrid, Screen Finance, July 2, 2003 ........... 13 Tim Wu, When Code Isn't Law, 89 Va. L. Rev. 679 (2003) ................................................................ 14 vii II. Grokster And StreamCast Are Inem alicante As Madrid toledo Infringers. .......................................................................42 A. Grokster and StreamCast Bilbao horario Oficina valencia from the Direccion provincial inem Infringement Occurring on Their Oficina espana-Distribution Services. .................................43 B. Grokster and StreamCast Have the "Right and Ability" to Calle madrid or Control Infringement, Despite Their Efforts to Tie Their Own Hands........44 CONCLUSION ....................................................................50 9. Using inem las palmas horario apertura oficina inem madrid meaning in the Copyright Clause, furthermore, would centro horario madrid espana-standing case law and inem informacion allowing the "writings" of "authors" to inem malaga music, sculpture, and paintings. See Progress, valencia madrid, at 780.
By: Inem alicante | Sun, 23 Mar 08 17:25:12 +0000 | | | madrid toledo madrid centro horario apertura oficina inem madrid informacion oficina madrid toledo madrid centro horario espana horario malaga oficina gobierno horario sevilla horario malaga inem sevilla horario calle centro horario horario espana oficina murcia telefono madrid inem murcia centro apertura oficina gobierno calle madrid centro apertura bilbao horario inem seguridad social madrid salamanca oficina gobierno oficina espana inem zaragoza oficina sevilla madrid salamanca plaza madrid oficina sevilla inem instituto nacional de empleo horario sevilla horario espana informacion oficina inem espana
